Bankers

Epiphany Strikes Gold within Texas Courts by Invoking a Fraudulent Application of the Starker Exchange

The Stark Reality: This latest fraudulent conveyance real estate scam is now endorsed by both the district and appellate courts in Texas.

LIT UPDATE & COMMENTARY

JUN 3, 2024

Above is the date LIT Last updated this commentary.

Foreman v. Graham, 693 S.W.2d 774 (Tex. App. 1985)

In the Scott case below, we’ve conducted an exhaustive examination of the real estate transactions and transfers.

Key players in this saga include Kevin Pawlowski of Epiphany Properties LLC (also known as Christian Consultants of Texas, or CCTX, a label seemingly acknowledged as a farce), and Scott McClellan of Gold Coast Equity LLC, a Texas Realtor with a history of sanctions.

In 2004, Stephen Scott and Deborah Scott (now deceased) executed a note worth $69,500 to Houston Habitat for Humanity, Inc., due in June 2034.

Reportedly, on December 21, 2023, Stephen Scott and Adrianna Scott entered a sales contract with Pawlowski of Epiphany, selling their home for $52,000, with “one month’s rent and moving boxes” thrown in for a swift eviction.

The property in question is 9702 Shive Dr., Houston, Texas, currently valued at $175,800.

A $10 Special Warranty Deed was filed in Harris County Real Property Records on March 21, 2024 (signed March 18), fraudulently transferring property from Adrianna Scott and Stephen Scott to Epiphany Properties, LLC.

No estate/probate case online was found related to Deborah Scott.

Moreover, the Scotts couldn’t legally transfer ownership without settling the outstanding mortgage with Habitat, which has a remaining 10-year mortgage on the original $69,500. There’s no mortgage release recorded in Harris County records.

On May 31, 2024, several filings were made in Harris County.

Firstly, a second $10 fraudulent transfer from Epiphany Properties LLC to Gold Coast Equity LLC was recorded, signed by Kevin Pawlowski, dated May 23, 2024.

The next day, on May 24, Col Capitals LLC signed a Deed of Trust and Security Agreement to Noble Mortgage & Investments LLC for $142,500, along with an assignment of rents. This was signed by member Juan Pablo Roa, believed to be a Project Engineer in Houston for Schultz Burman.

We assert numerous legal and financial issues with this transaction, as outlined further in this article.

During our investigation, we questioned the legitimacy and legality of the second $10 fraudulent transfer between Pawlowski’s and McClellan’s entities, leading us to research the “Starker Exchange.”

Based on a Texas appellate opinion from 1985, it corroborates our suspicions that flipping the purported purchase from Epiphany to Gold Coast – to evade tax liability – would nullify the contract.

The sellers in the precedent case (equivalent to the Scott’s in this instance) contested the contract’s validity upon a third party entering it, as it should have been concluded financially and legally by Epiphany before any transfer to Gold Coast.

However, due to recent separate litigation involving Gold Coast, we contend this is another planned and premeditated scheme to defraud distressed victims from asserting any legal rights to compensation in Texas courts, shielding Kevin Pawlowski and Epiphany Properties LLC from legal expenses in defending any litigation related to the actual fraud against distressed homeowners and/or their immediate family.

In the Clarence Charles case below, Capital Title’s lawyer argued that Harris County District Judge Beau Miller ruled Fidelity Title had no liability “to a third party (a stranger),” affirmed by Justice Meg Poissant at COA14.

We argue both these rulings would be erroneous if applied to the Scott case, as Texas courts contradict the United States Supreme Court’s ruling interpreting “actual fraud” to encompass fraudulent conveyance schemes, even when they don’t involve false representations.

As our summary demonstrates, considering the Starker case, the contract was void from inception, and the second sham conveyance to Gold Coast constitutes “actual fraud.”

We presume the Habitat mortgage wasn’t repaid nor the $52k paid to the Scott’s before the fraudulent conveyance from Epiphany to Gold Coast.

This alone nullifies the deal, and it’s difficult to believe the loan broker and title company were unaware of publicly available records in Harris County, upon which we rely solely to present this summary of blatant “actual fraud.”

We aren’t legal experts, but common sense indicates this is a fraudulent seizure of a distressed family home driven by financial greed by all parties to the illegal taking of the Scott’s homestead property in Harris County, Texas.

202386606 –

CHARLES, CLARENCE vs. STEPHENSON, NOVA-SHA

 (Court 055, JUDGE LATOSHA LEWIS PAYNE)

DEC. 19, 2023 | REPUBLISHED BY LIT: JUN 3, 2024

SCOTUS: We interpret “actual fraud” to encompass fraudulent conveyance schemes, even when those schemes do not involve a false representation.

Capital Title did not owe any duties to the Plaintiffs as a matter of law.

Texas law leaves no doubt on this issue — a closer and escrow agent in a real estate transaction do not owe duties to non-parties to the transaction.

See Muller v. Stewart Title Guar. Co., 525 S.W.3d 859, 872 (Tex. App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 2017, no pet.); Gary E. Patterson & Assocs., P.C. v. Holub, 264 S.W.3d 180, 203 (Tex. App.-Houston [1st Dist.] 2008, pet. denied); see also Home Loan Corp. v. Tex. Am. Title Co., 191 S.W.3d 728, 733-34 (Tex. App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 2006, pet. denied)

(“To the extent an escrow agent is employed only to close a transaction in accordance with a contract that has already been entered into by the parties, it is not apparent how the agent’s duty of disclosure could extend beyond matters affecting the parties’ rights in the closing process to those concerning the merits of the underlying transaction.”).

This longstanding law was also recently affirmed by the Fourteenth Court of Appeals, in Sandles v. Fid. Nat’l Fin., No. 14-22-00462-CV, at *1 (Tex. App. – Houston [14th Dist.] 2023, pet. denied).

In Sandles, the trial court judge, the Honorable Beau Miller, dismissed Sandles claims against Fidelity National Title Insurance Company under Texas Rule of Procedure 91a.

In doing so, Judge [Beau] Miller considered the Plaintiff’s allegations, which were as follows:

[i]f any additional party has liability for an alleged failure of title, it is the Third-Party Defendant, who was responsible for research of the property in question, to discover all record owners, encumbrances, any litigation involving said property, any liens on said property, preparing a title commitment which details the circumstance under which Third- Party Defendant will issue title insurance and that it is responsible insuring that all issues, including the litigation in Cause No. 2018-69172 in the 333rd Judicial District Court of Harris County, Texas, on the title commitment are satisfactory addressed before closing the sale. Further, if any party has liability for the alleged failure of title, it is due to the failure, negligence and gross negligence of the Third-Party Defendant . . .”

See Sandals, at *2.

The Fourteenth Court of Appeals noted that Fidelity’s 91a Motion to Dismiss argued that Fidelity did not owe a duty to Sandles because Sandles was not a party to the closing between [the buyer and seller].

Id. at 4-5.

Sandles claimed that he had been unlawfully dispossessed of his property through a forged deed and claimed that the buyer did not have good title.

Sandles asserted that the title company should have determined the proper record owner as part of the closing.

Even recognizing that Sandles claimed to have been unlawfully dispossessed of his property, and recognizing the extremely onerous burden of prevailing under Rule 91a, the Court of Appeals affirmed the dismissal of the claims against Fidelity because Texas law holds that a “closer and escrow agent in a real estate transaction does not owe duties to non-parties to the transaction.”

Id. at 5.

As is evident, even under the extremely difficult standards of TRCP 91a, the trial court dismissed the claim because there was no duty and the court of appeals affirmed. There is no question at all –

because the Plaintiff was not a party to the subject transaction, he has no claims against Capital Title as a matter of law.

The Plaintiff’s claim against Capital Title, therefore, should be dismissed.

The concept of a Starker Exchange, also known as a “like-kind exchange” or a “1031 exchange.” It’s a provision in the U.S. Internal Revenue Code that allows taxpayers to defer capital gains taxes on the sale of certain types of property if they reinvest the proceeds into a similar type of property within a specific time frame.

Named after T.J. Starker, whose legal battles popularized the practice, a Starker Exchange typically involves the sale of real estate assets and the subsequent purchase of similar real estate assets, thus allowing the taxpayer to defer paying capital gains taxes until a later date.

The rules and regulations surrounding Starker Exchanges can be complex, and there are specific criteria that must be met for a transaction to qualify for tax deferral under Section 1031 of the Internal Revenue Code.

SANCTIONED TREC/HAR REALTOR’S ENTITY GOLD COAST ARRIVE AND  ASSUME EPIPHANY’s FRAUDULENT CONVEYANCE…FOR TEN BUCKS

JUN 3, 2024 UPDATE

Foreman v. Graham, 693 S.W.2d 774, 776 (Tex. App. 1985) (“Appellant intended to set this transaction up as a “Starker” exchange. To facilitate a tax-free transfer of the property, a Starker exchange, appellant wanted to assign the contract to a third party. The dispute arose over whether appellant would still be required by the sellers to sign the purchase money note, even though the earnest money contract would be assigned to a third party. Due to this dispute, the closing did not take place and both the buyer and the sellers, claiming the other had breached the contract, demanded the escrow funds.”)

Applying the Starker exchange, the contracts are legally infirm, but see;

202386606 – CHARLES, CLARENCE vs. STEPHENSON, NOVA-SHA (Court 055)

Citing to Judge Beau Miller and COA14

This allows fraudsters like Epiphany to “transfer” with nominal $10 value to Gold Coast and avoid litigation as shown in the Clarence case and also recently;

202377697 – VIZUET, BENJAMIN (JR) vs. FIDELITY NATIONAL TITLE AGENCY INC (Court 190)

As a p.s. Habitat know Gold Coast well and their property build division has closed deals in the past, some not so good when Nick Bhagia is involved…

201545054 – BUILT BY HABITAT LLC vs. GOLD COAST EQUITY LLC (Court 164)

The tax implications for each seller and buyer in this scenario can be complex and would depend on various factors such as the jurisdiction in which the property is located, the individual circumstances of each party involved, and any applicable tax laws and regulations. Here’s a general overview of the potential tax implications:

Seller 1 (Family of Deceased Homeowner):

The family of the deceased homeowner who sold the property to Buyer A (Epiphany) may need to report the sale on their tax return, especially if they inherited the property and its value increased from the time of inheritance to the time of sale. They may be subject to capital gains tax on the difference between the sale price and the property’s adjusted basis (which could be the fair market value of the property at the time of the homeowner’s death).

Seller 2 (Buyer A, Epiphany):

Buyer A (Epiphany), who sold the property to Buyer B (Gold Coast) for $10, might not incur any significant tax implications if they acquired the property and sold it shortly thereafter for a nominal amount. However, they might still need to report the transaction on their tax return and provide documentation of the sale.

Seller 3 (Buyer B, Gold Coast):

Buyer B (Gold Coast), who sold the property to Buyer C (Col Capitals) for $142,500 (loan amount), could potentially be subject to capital gains tax on the profit made from the sale. They would need to calculate the capital gain by subtracting the adjusted basis (which could be the purchase price plus any improvements made) from the selling price.

If Buyer B (Gold Coast) held the property for a short period before selling it, the gain might be treated as a short-term capital gain and taxed at ordinary income tax rates.

The tax liability on $142,500 of income for a single filer (personal) in the tax year 2024 would be approximately $34,647.52.

However, if they held the property for more than one year, the gain might be considered a long-term capital gain and taxed at lower capital gains tax rates.

Buyer C (Col Capitals):

Buyer C, who purchased the property for $142,500 and intends to use it as a rental property, may not have immediate tax implications related to the purchase itself. However, they would need to consider potential rental income tax, depreciation deductions, and other tax implications associated with owning and renting out the property.

If Buyers A, B, and C are Limited Liability Companies (LLCs), the tax implications can differ from those of individual taxpayers.

LLCs are typically treated as pass-through entities for tax purposes, meaning the income and expenses of the LLC “pass through” to the owners (also known as members) of the LLC, who report them on their personal tax returns.

However, LLCs can also elect to be taxed as corporations, which would change the tax treatment.

Here’s how the tax implications might vary for each party if Buyers A, B, and C are LLCs:

Seller 1 (Family of Deceased Homeowner):

The tax implications for the family of the deceased homeowner would likely be similar to those for individual sellers, assuming they are individuals and not an LLC. They would need to report any capital gains on the sale of the property on their personal tax returns.

Seller 2 (Buyer A):

If Buyer A is an LLC, the tax implications would depend on how the LLC is taxed. If Buyer A is a single-member LLC (owned by one individual), the sale might be treated similarly to an individual sale, with any capital gains reported on the owner’s personal tax return.

If Buyer A is a multi-member LLC, the tax implications would depend on the LLC’s operating agreement and tax structure.

Seller 3 (Buyer B):

Similar to Buyer A, if Buyer B is an LLC, the tax implications would depend on the LLC’s tax classification and structure. Any capital gains from the sale of the property would typically pass through to the members of the LLC and be reported on their personal tax returns, unless the LLC is taxed as a corporation.

Buyer C:

If Buyer C is an LLC, the tax implications would depend on the LLC’s tax classification and structure. Any rental income generated from the property would typically pass through to the members of the LLC and be reported on their personal tax returns. Expenses related to the rental property, such as maintenance and repairs, would also be deductible.

In summary, if Buyers A, B, and C are LLCs, the tax implications would depend on the tax classification and structure of each LLC, as well as the individual circumstances of the owners/members.

Take Advantage of Section 1031 of the Tax Code

What it is: IRS Section 1031 “like-kind” exchange

Who it’s for: Anyone who can reinvest the proceeds of rental property sales in new real estate

What you get: The ability to defer some or all taxes on the capital gain

Real estate investors can defer paying capital gains taxes using Section 1031 of the tax code, which lets them sell a rental property while purchasing a like-kind property and pay taxes only after the exchange is made. Legally speaking, the term like-kind is broadly defined. An investor need not swap out one condo for another or trade one business for another. As long as both properties in question are income-generating rental units, they’re fair game.

But timing is key with this method because investors have just 45 days from the date of a property sale to identify potential replacement properties, which they must formally close on within 180 days. And if a tax return is due (with extensions) before those 180 days, investors must close even sooner. Those who miss the deadline must pay full capital gains taxes on the sale of the original rental property.

Here’s some information about COL CAPITALS LLC:

COL CAPITALS LLC is a Texas Domestic Limited-Liability Company (LLC) that was filed on February 21, 2023.

The company’s filing status is listed as “In Existence,” and its file number is 0804936071.

The registered agent for the company is Republic Registered Agent LLC, located at 17350 State Hwy 249 Ste 220, Houston, TX 770641.

The managing members of COL CAPITALS LLC are Gabriel Fula Pinto and Juan Roa, both based in Houston, TX.

As a relatively new company, it has been in existence for approximately 1 year and 2 months.

STEPHEN AND ADRIANNA SCOTT

Original Loan of $69.5k in Stephen and Deborah (deceased) Scott’s name in 2004 (matures in 2034).

Home value $171k and Pawlowski offers $52k.

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Epiphany Strikes Gold within Texas Courts by Invoking a Fraudulent Application of the Starker Exchange
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